Foreign Trade and the Distribution of Income in Thailand
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper makes an empirical investigation of the structures of employment and earnings associated with possible alternative trade strategies for Thailand. The authors focus on ascertaining who owns the factors of production that would be rewarded by the changes in trade structure under consideration. Their simulation is based on an extended input-output analysis, using Thailand’s recent social accounting matrices and household budget surveys, from which they conclude that the employment and income effects of export promotion are about twice as great as those of import substitution and that an outward-looking strategy, moreover, ensures a better utilization of capital. However, export activities lead to the creation of largely low productivity employment; thus, expanding export activities alone is unlikely to raise the average living standard of the poor. RESUMEN Este trabajo hace una investigación empírica de las estructuras de empleo e ingresos asociadas con posibles estrategias alternativas de comercio para Tailandia. Los autores enfocan su atención en averiguar quien es dueño de los factores de producción que se recompensarían con los cambios estructurales considerados. La simulación de los autores está basada en un análisis extensivo de insumo-producto, usando recientes encuestas de las matrices de contabilidad sociales y de presupuesto familiar en Tailandia, de las cuales se concluye que el empleo y los bienes de ingreso de la promoción de exportación son el doble de los de substitución de importación y que, más aún, una estrategia con vistas al exterior, asegura una mejor utilización del capital. Sin embargo, las actividades de exportación llevan generalmente a la creación de empleo de baja productividad, de modo que el hecho de expander las actividades de exportación por si solo, no es probable que aumente las condiciones medianas de vida de los pobres.
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تاریخ انتشار 1989